My conclusion of chapter two

In chapter two, contents are concentrated on the ethical reasoning in Practice. There are four main approaches mentioned in this chapter.
The first is Kantian Approach. Kant’s moral philosophy has rich implications for business practice. Kant introduces three formulations of the categorical imperative, which are considered together as a coherent whole. Author assessed that Kant may be mistaken bout requiring purity of motive. Yet even if Kant is wrong about the necessity of pure motivation for an act’s being moral, he still has a lot to offer the business ethicist.
The second is Aristotelean approach. In text, author lists six considerations making up the framework of virtue ethics in business – community, excellence, role identity, holism, integrity, judgment. Then author points out that there is no “business world” apart from the people who work in business and the integrity of those people determines the integrity of the organization as well as vice versa. The Aristotelean approach to business ethics is just another way of saying that people come before profits.
The third is utilitarianism to business. Author suggests some business decision-making questions root in utilitarianism. He said that the goal is utilitarian business-ethic which evaluates business in term of its contributions towards higher-pleasure capacities in society. He introduces two utilitarianisms – Bentham and Mill. Author accessed that through Bentham-style utilitarianism could be seen as a precursor to upsurge in “happiness economics”, it still had some problems. For Mills utilitarianism, author has pretty good evaluation – “Mills vision of utilitarianism is an interesting and exciting model for business ethics, when properly understood.”
The fourth is deliberative approach. Author thinks Ethics is not about proving what is good or right. Ethics is a way of living that enables enlightened conduce. Most soul of Dewey’s approach to ethics is first, ethics is a process. Second, ethics grows out of our concrete everyday experience. Third, ethics should liberate intelligence, analysis and imagination. Fourth, ethics should first and foremost, be a process of self-realization. Dewey’s approach to ethical decision-making through intelligent deliberation sheds light on both the process of deliberation and the role of values and ethics in the practice of managerial decision-making.